His Excellency Doctor Adrien Raymond, Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Religious Faith With the earnest desire to arrive at a conclusion of the conversations held in the Vatican during the course of December 1965 and January 1966 between representatives of the Government of Haiti: Pope Paul VI and the Plenipotentiaries of His Excellencyĭoctor François Duvalier, President for Life of the Republic of Haiti Protocol between the Plenipotentiaries of His Holiness In the end, it took a mere eighteen years before a new concordat with “Baby Doc” quietly removed the presidential right to nominate bishops and archbishops. This agreement let the Vatican back into the country where it waited patiently for Papa Doc’s weak son to succeed him: “the Vatican thinks in centuries”. This pact was made by plenipotentaries who were fully authorized to represent their governments, allowing them to both sign and ratify it, all at once. Furthermore, the Vatican, by retaining control over the appointment of clerics immediately below the rank of biship and archbishop, ensures that Church-approved successors were on hand for the future. By specifying particular Duvalier favourites on a one-time basis the concordat ceded only temporary control of these appointments to the state. In other words where it applies to bishops and archbishops, the parties do change the “interpretation of Article 4” - to the point of suspending it.īut not forever. This concordat says delicately that the parties do not “modify their points of view with regard to the interpretation of Article 4” when it comes to the appointment of clerics immediately below the ranks of bishop and archbishop.
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